🔁 L02 — Loops + Functions Self-Check Handout

Class: Year 9 Game On · 9GAMZA · Term 2 2026

Duration: 75 minutes (target ~50 minutes; extra time for thinking)

Marks: /75 total · Part A 20 · Part B 15 · Part C 20 · Part D 20

What we're checking: for loops, while loops, list comprehensions NEW, functions (def + return + parameters), default values, *args NEW, scope.

Rules: Answer EVERY question to unlock Submit. Once submitted, you'll see your score + correct answers. Your work auto-saves on this laptop as you type. No looking things up — only what you remember.

0 / 23 questions complete

Part A — Predict the Output

10 questions · 2 marks each · ~15 minutes. Read the code carefully — don't run it.

A1 (2 marks)

What prints?

for i in range(4):
    print(i)

0 1 2 3 4 (each on its own line) 1 2 3 4 (each on its own line) 0 1 2 3 (each on its own line) 4

A2 (2 marks)

What prints?

for i in range(2, 6):
    print(i)

2 3 4 5 6 (each on its own line) 2 3 4 5 (each on its own line) 0 1 2 3 4 5 (each on its own line) 4

A3 (2 marks)

What prints?

n = 0
while n < 3:
    n += 1
print(n)

0 1 2 3 2 3

A4 (2 marks) LIST COMPREHENSION

What prints?

squares = [x * x for x in range(4)]
print(squares)

[0, 1, 4, 9] [1, 4, 9, 16] [0, 2, 4, 6] Error — list comprehensions don't work like that

A5 (2 marks) LIST COMPREHENSION

What prints?

nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
evens = [n for n in nums if n % 2 == 0]
print(evens)

[1, 3, 5] [2, 4, 6] [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] [0, 0, 0]

A6 (2 marks)

What prints?

def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

print(greet("Ada"))

Hello, name! Hello, {name}! Hello, Ada! Nothing — the function was defined but not run

A7 (2 marks)

What prints?

def add(a, b=10):
    return a + b

print(add(5))

5 10 15 Error — missing argument b

A8 (2 marks) *args

What prints?

def total(*scores):
    return sum(scores)

print(total(10, 20, 30))

10 60 [10, 20, 30] Error — *scores isn't valid

A9 (2 marks)

What prints?

def stats(hp, max_hp):
    return hp, max_hp, hp / max_hp

result = stats(40, 100)
print(result)

40 0.4 (40, 100, 0.4) Error — can't return 3 things

A10 (2 marks) SCOPE

What happens?

def make_score():
    score = 100

make_score()
print(score)

Prints 100 Prints None NameError — score is local to the function, doesn't exist outside Prints 0

Part B — Fill in the Blank

5 questions · 3 marks each · ~10 minutes. Type the missing line of code.

B1 (3 marks)

Fill in the blank to print every item in fruits, one per line.

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
_________________
    print(fruit)

B2 (3 marks) LIST COMPREHENSION

Fill in the blank using a list comprehension to make a list of squares: [0, 1, 4, 9, 16].

_________________
print(squares)  # [0, 1, 4, 9, 16]

B3 (3 marks)

Fill in the blank to define a function that doubles a number and returns the result.

_________________
    return x * 2

print(double(7))  # 14

B4 (3 marks)

Fill in the blank — a while loop that counts down from 5 to 1 (inclusive).

n = 5
_________________
    print(n)
    n -= 1

B5 (3 marks)

Fill in the blank — define greet with a default greeting of "Hello".

_________________
    print(f"{greeting}, {name}!")

greet("Sam")           # Hello, Sam!
greet("Sam", "Hola")   # Hola, Sam!

Part C — Debug

4 questions · 5 marks each · ~20 minutes. Find the bug, write the fix, explain in your own words (min 15 chars).

C1 (5 marks)

This for-loop should print 1 to 5. Fix it. Write the corrected first line only.

for i in range(1, 5):
    print(i)
# wanted: 1 2 3 4 5  / actual: 1 2 3 4

Fixed first line: Explain the bug (1 sentence):

C2 (5 marks)

This function should return the bigger of two numbers, but it doesn't return anything. Fix the function body.

def bigger(a, b):
    if a > b:
        a
    else:
        b

print(bigger(5, 9))  # prints None — should print 9

Fixed function body (write BOTH branches, comma-separated or describe): Explain the bug (1 sentence):

C3 (5 marks)

This while loop never stops. Find the bug — write the line that needs adding (or fixing) inside the loop.

n = 0
while n < 5:
    print(n)
# (this loop never ends!)

The line that needs adding/fixing inside the loop: Explain the bug (1 sentence):

C4 (5 marks) SCOPE

This code should print the doubled value. Fix it — write the corrected last line.

def double_it(x):
    result = x * 2

double_it(7)
print(result)  # NameError — result doesn't exist out here

Fixed last line (and any change to the function if needed — describe in one line): Explain the bug (1 sentence):

Part D — Coding Tasks (Write Python)

2 questions · 10 marks each · ~30 minutes. Write the code in VS Code, paste it below, then paste what it prints.

D1 (10 marks)

Task: Write a function called calculate_damage that takes hp, damage, and armour, and returns the new HP after the hit. Damage that gets through = damage - armour (but never below 0). The new HP is hp - damage_through.

Test cases your function must pass:
calculate_damage(100, 30, 10) → 80 (30 dmg, 10 armour soaks → 20 through → 100−20=80)
calculate_damage(100, 5, 50) → 100 (5 dmg, 50 armour soaks all → 0 through → 100−0=100)
calculate_damage(50, 70, 0) → −20 (70 dmg, no armour → all through → 50−70=−20)

Your function code: Test all 3 cases. Paste the 3 numbers your function returned (comma-separated):

D2 (10 marks) LIST COMPREHENSION + *args

Task: Write a function called average that takes any number of scores using *args, and returns their average. Then use a list comprehension to make a list of "high" scores (≥ 80) from a given list, and print the average of those high scores.

Expected behaviour:
average(80, 90, 100) → 90.0
Then for scores = [55, 92, 78, 88, 100, 67, 85]:
highs = [s for s in scores if s >= 80] → [92, 88, 100, 85]
average(*highs) → 91.25 (or similar — show what your code prints)

Your code (function + the list comprehension + the print): What did your code print for the average of the high scores?

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